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1.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 35(3)sept. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1441748

ABSTRACT

Los defectos palpebrales creados tras la resección tumoral pueden ser parciales o totales, afectar a la lamela externa, a la interna o a ambas y requerir diferente técnica reconstructiva, simple o compleja. El objetivo es presentar los resultados cosméticos y funcionales en una paciente que se le realzó una técnica combinada para resolver un problema complejo del aparato palpebral después de una enucleación. Se logró un aparato palpebral armónico, en el que sus estructuras tienen orden, funcionabilidad y simetría con el lado contralateral. La reconstrucción de los defectos complejos del aparato palpebral solo es posible con la combinación de varias técnicas. Se logró armonía, simetría contralateral y orden de las estructuras(AU)


The palpebral defects created after tumor resection can be partial or total, affect the external lamella, the internal lamella or both, and require different reconstructive techniques, simple or complex. The objective is to present the cosmetic and functional results in a patient who underwent a combined technique to solve a complex problem of the palpebral apparatus after enucleation. A harmonic palpebral apparatus was achieved, in which its structures have order, functionality and symmetry with the contralateral side. The reconstruction of complex defects of the palpebral apparatus is only possible with the combination of several techniques. Harmony, contralateral symmetry and order of the structures were achieved(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child, Preschool , Combined Modality Therapy/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Eye Enucleation
2.
Rev. med. vet. (Bogota) ; (44): 61-69, Jan.-June 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1377008

ABSTRACT

Resumen El aborto enzootico ovino es una enfermedad causada por Chlamydia abortus. Es considerada una zoonosis y una de las principales causas de pérdidas económicas en estas explotaciones. Este trabajo se enfocó en utilizar el cultivo de leucocitos de animales sin signos de abortos y la detección de anticuerpos para determinar la posible presencia de C. abortus en explotaciones de traspatio. Se obtuvieron 42 muestras de sangre periférica de ovejas de diferentes poblaciones. La detección de Chlamydia abortus se realizó mediante la tinción de Giemsa y la técnica de PCR. La detección de anticuerpos anti-C. abortus se dio mediante una técnica de ELISA comercial. Los resultados mostraron 21 muestras positivas mediante la técnica de PCR, de las cuales solo 10 fueron positivas mediante la técnica de Giemsa, mientras que 22 sueros mostraron anticuerpos anti-C. abortus. En este estudio el 38,1 % de las muestras fueron positivas a la infección por C. abortus, como se confirmó mediante PCR y serología. En conclusión, los leucocitos de sangre periférica pueden ser útiles para detectar una infección por Chlamydia spp. en explotaciones sin historial de abortos, con lo que se puede conocer la prevalencia real del aborto enzootico ovino en México.


Abstract The Ewes Enzootic Abortion is a disease caused byChlamydia abortus. It is deemed a zoonosis and one of the leading causes of financial losses in this type of business. This article focuses on using the culture of leukocytes from animals without any abortion symptoms and antibody detection to determine the potential presence ofC. abortusin backyard exploitations. Forty-two samples of peripheral blood were obtained from ewes in different populations. The detection ofChlamydia abortuswas carried out by using the Giemsa dye and PCR technique. Anti-C. Abortusantibody detection was performed through a commercial ELISA technique. Results showed 21 positive samples using the PCR, and only ten were positive according to the Giemsa dye, while 22 serum samples showed anti-C. abortusantibody. In this study, 38.1% of the samples were positive for theC. abortusinfection, as verified with the PCR and serology. In conclusion, peripheral blood leukocytes can be helpful to detect an infection caused byChlamydiaspp. Animal exploitation without any previous abortion allows knowing the real prevalence of ewes' enzootic abortion in Mexico.

3.
Medisur ; 20(2)abr. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1405904

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: La ectopia cordis es una malformación congénita poco frecuente y grave caracterizada por el desplazamiento del corazón fuera de la cavidad torácica, Existe discreto predominio en el sexo femenino y se asocia a teratógenos no potentes y relacionado también a factores genéticos, su diagnóstico prenatal es muy importante y su pronostico es desfavorable en casi la totalidad de los casos. Objetivo: Describir el manejo con una paciente con ectopia cordis en Letsholathebe Memorial Hospital II Republica de Botswana. Descripción: Se describe el manejo por parte del pediatra y el cardiólogo desde su diagnóstico desde su nacimiento hasta sus ingresos hospitalarios. Conclusiones: Ectopia cordis es una malformación congénita rara que tiene un mal pronóstico incluso después del enfoque quirúrgico y su gravedad está relacionada con la presencia de otras anomalías.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Ectopia cordis is a rare and severe congenital malformation characterized by the displacement of the heart outside the chest cavity, there is discreet predominance in the female sex and is associated with non-potent teratogens and also related to genetic factors, its prenatal diagnosis is very important and its prognostic is unfavorable in almost all cases. Objective Describe management with a patient with ectopia cordis at Letsholathebe Memorial Hospital II Republic of Botswana. Description: It describes the management by the pediatrician and the cardiologist from his diagnosis from birth to his hospital admissions. Conclusions: Ectopia Cordis is a rare congenital malformation that has a poor prognosis even after the surgical approach and its severity is related to the presence of other abnormalities.

4.
Medisur ; 20(1)feb. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1405884

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Fundamento Las fracturas del complejo maxilofacial constituyen cerca de la mitad de todas las fracturas, y en un gran número de pacientes se asocian a otras fracturas y lesiones. La etiología es variada, y exigen diagnóstico y tratamiento rápidos, precisos y oportunos. Resulta relevante el estudio de esta entidad, para conocer sus características como parte de la atención de urgencias; así como sus implicaciones clínica y social. Objetivo describir el comportamiento de las fracturas maxilofaciales en pacientes atendidos en el servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Princess Marina Hospital, de Gaborone, Botswana. Métodos se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, en el servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Princess Marina Hospital, en Gaborone, Botswana, durante el período de junio de 2018 a junio de 2020. Fueron incluidos todos los pacientes (N=423) con diagnóstico de trauma maxilofacial, y por consiguiente, de algún tipo de fractura de esta parte del cuerpo. Para la presentación de la información se utilizaron tablas de frecuencias absolutas y relativas. Resultados se atendieron 423 pacientes con fracturas maxilofaciales, entre los cuales predominó el sexo masculino. El grupo de edades más afectado fue el de 26-35 años; la violencia interpersonal, la causa más frecuente; y las heridas y fracturas de cráneo, las lesiones asociadas más comunes. Conclusión Se observó similitud de los resultados respecto a otros estudios publicados. La violencia interpersonal superó a los accidentes del tránsito como la causa más frecuente de fracturas maxilofaciales.


ABSTRACT Background Fractures of the maxillofacial complex constitute about half of all fractures, and in a large number of patients they are associated with other fractures and injuries. The etiology is varied, and requires fast, accurate, and timely diagnosis and treatment. The study of this entity is relevant to know its characteristics as part of emergency care; as well as its clinical and social implications. Objective to describe the behavior of maxillofacial fractures in patients treated at the Maxillofacial Surgery service of Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana. Methods a descriptive and retrospective study was carried out in the Maxillofacial Surgery service of the Princess Marina Hospital, in Gaborone, Botswana, from June 2018 to June 2020. All patients (N = 423) with diagnosis were included of maxillofacial trauma, and consequently, of some type of fracture of this part of the body. Absolute and relative frequency tables were used to show the information. Results 423 patients with maxillofacial fractures were attended, among which the male sex predominated. The age group most affected was 26-35 years old; interpersonal violence, the most frequent cause; and skull injuries and fractures, the most common associated injuries. Conclusion Results were similar to other published studies. Interpersonal violence exceeded traffic accidents as the most common cause of maxillofacial fractures.

5.
Med. crít. (Col. Mex. Med. Crít.) ; 36(5): 296-311, Aug. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448614

ABSTRACT

Resumen: En los últimos años, el mundo entero se vio enfrentado al manejo de pacientes con una patología totalmente nueva y desafiante en términos de su entendimiento fisiopatológico y estrategias de manejo, mientras que su tasa de contagio se incrementaba de manera importante. Se trata de la enfermedad COVID-19, originada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 y que puso en alerta a toda la humanidad. Por lo tanto, se presentaron grandes problemas de salud pública, incluyendo el desabastecimiento de medicamentos y recursos de primera línea para el control de la enfermedad, y en los pacientes críticos se afectó el manejo de soporte óptimo a medida que se superaba la compleja respuesta inmunológica, que terminaba afectando en sus primeros estadios el parénquima pulmonar, y según el estado fisiológico, mórbido y genético del huésped, generando una disfunción orgánica múltiple. En el presente documento se establecen las mejores alternativas para enfrentar un desabastecimiento de medicamentos asociados al abordaje integral de la analgosedación, prevención y manejo de delirium y abstinencia, así como la necesidad de relajación neuromuscular en cada una de las fases por las que atraviesa el paciente crítico hospitalizado en Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo con soporte respiratorio invasivo o no invasivo.


Abstract: In recent years, the entire world has been faced with the management of patients with a totally new and challenging pathology in terms of its pathophysiological understanding and management strategies, while its rate of infection was increased significantly. It is the COVID-19 disease, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and that put all of humanity on alert. Therefore, major public health problems arose, including shortages of medicines and first-line resources for disease control, and in critical patients, optimal support management was affected as the complex immune response was overcome, which ended up affecting the lung parenchymal in its early stages, and depending on the physiological, morbid and genetic state of the host, generating multiple organ dysfunction. This document establishes the best alternatives to face a shortage of medications associated with the comprehensive approach to analgesia and sedation, prevention and management of delirium and withdrawal, and the need for neuromuscular relaxation in each of the phases that critically hospitalized patients go through in Intensive Care Units with invasive or non-invasive respiratory support.


Resumo: Nos últimos anos, o mundo inteiro se deparou com o manejo de pacientes com uma patologia totalmente nova e desafiadora em termos de compreensão fisiopatológica e estratégias de manejo, enquanto sua taxa de contágio aumentava significativamente. Trata-se da doença COVID-19, causada pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2 que colocou toda a humanidade em alerta. Surgiram, assim, grandes problemas de saúde pública, incluindo a escassez de medicamentos e recursos de primeira linha para o controle da doença, em pacientes em estado crítico afetou-se o manejo do suporte ideal à medida que superavase a complexa resposta imune, que terminava afetando o parênquima pulmonar em seu estágio inicial, e dependendo do estado fisiológico, mórbido e genético do hospedeiro, gerando múltiplas disfunções orgânicas. Este documento estabelece as melhores alternativas para enfrentar a escassez de medicamentos associada à abordagem integral da analgesedação, prevenção e manejo do delirium e abstinência, e a necessidade de relaxamento muscular em cada uma das fases que atravessa o paciente em estado crítico internado na UTI com suporte respiratório invasivo ou não invasivo.

6.
Rev. Finlay ; 12(1)2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1406831

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La reconstrucción nasal nace en la India, 3000 años antes de nuestra era. La reconstrucción nasal ha seguido tres líneas básicas: el método indiano, utilizando el colgajo frontal mediano; el método francés con el colgajo lateral de la mejilla; y el método italiano con el colgajo braquial. Los colgajos permiten reconstruir defectos restaurando la forma y función nasal. El método clásico para reconstruir el ala nasal es el colgajo nasogeniano. El colgajo nasogeniano tiene características determinadas en cuanto a localización, tamaño, patrón circulatorio, vascularización, inervación y función. Se presentan dos casos de pacientes tratados en el Princess Marina Hospital de Botswana en África, los cuales necesitaron colgajos nasogenianos invertidos para la reconstrucción de sus alas nasales. Luego de la aplicación del procedimiento se logró recuperar el ala nasal afectada devolviendo en ambos casos funcionabilidad, armonía, simetría y orden con relación a la contralateral en ausencia de complicaciones. Se presentan los casos por lo interesante que resulta este tipo de intervención realizada por especialistas cubanos en su colaboración médica en un país africano.


ABSTRACT Nasal reconstruction was born in India, 3000 years before our era. Nasal reconstruction has followed three basic lines: the Indian method, using the median frontal flap; the French method with the lateral cheek flap; and the Italian method with the brachial flap. Flaps allow the reconstruction of defects by restoring nasal shape and function. The classic method for reconstructing the ala nasal is the nasolabial flap. The nasolabial flap has specific characteristics in terms of location, size, circulatory pattern, vascularization, innervation, and function. We present two cases of patients treated at the Princess Marina Hospital in Botswana in Africa, who required inverted nasolabial flaps for the reconstruction of their nasal wings. After the application of the procedure, the affected nasal wing was recovered, returning functionality, harmony, symmetry and order in both cases in relation to the contralateral wing in the absence of complications. The inverted nasolabial flap is useful to restore the contour of the nasal wing, as well as to support the wing and to shape the nasal floor. This flap can have a minimum of complications if the structures are handled gently and the sutures are handled without tension. That cases are presented because of how interesting this type of intervention is, carried out by Cuban specialists in their medical collaboration in an african country.

7.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 36(4): 719-725, 20210000. fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1291270

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Los quistes gástricos de duplicación son malformaciones congénitas muy infrecuentes del tracto gastrointestinal. Se definen como una lesión quística tapizada por epitelio gastrointestinal que comparte una capa de músculo liso con la pared gástrica. Se han propuesto diferentes teorías sobre su patogénesis, sin embargo, los eventos embriológicos que conducen a la malformación no han logrado ser dilucidados. Debido a su localización y presentación clínica, el diagnóstico se realiza con mayor frecuencia durante los primeros años de vida y existen pocos casos reportados en adultos, en quienes el hallazgo suele ser incidental. Caso clínico. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 65 años quien consultó por dolor abdominal crónico y síntomas digestivos inespecíficos. Por medio de Tomografía Axial Computarizada se evidenció una lesión quística en contacto con el páncreas y la pared gástrica. Se realizó exploración quirúrgica que, junto con los hallazgos histopatológicos, confirmó el diagnosticó de quiste de duplicación gástrico. Discusión. Los quistes de duplicación gástrica son anomalías excepcionales que se localizan más frecuentemente en la curvatura mayor. Su tratamiento es quirúrgico y la confirmación del diagnóstico se realiza mediante la histología


Introduction. Gastric duplication cysts are very rare congenital malformations of the gastrointestinal tract. They are defined as a cystic lesion lined by gastrointestinal epithelium that shares a layer of smooth muscle with the gastric wall. Different theories have been proposed about its pathogenesis, however, the embryological events that lead to the malformation have not been elucidated. Due to its location and clinical presentation, the diagnosis is made more frequently during the first years of life and there are few cases reported in adults, in whom the finding is usually incidental. Clinical case. We present the case of a 65-year-old woman who consulted for chronic abdominal pain and nonspecific digestive symptoms. A CT scan evidenced a cystic lesion in contact with the pancreas and the gastric wall. A surgical exploration was performed which, along with the histopathological findings, confirmed the diagnosis of a gastric duplication cyst. Discussion. Gastric duplication cysts are exceptional anomalies that are more frequently located in the greater curvature. Its treatment is surgical and the confirmation of the diagnosis is made by histology


Subject(s)
Humans , Cysts , Gastrointestinal Tract , General Surgery , Histology
8.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 25(1): e4745, 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1289087

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: aunque el microcarcinoma papilar de tiroides ha sufrido un aumento en la incidencia en las últimas décadas, todavía es una controversia la extensión de la resección de la glándula y el tratamiento oncológico. Objetivo: determinar la incidencia del microcarcinoma papilar de tiroides en enfermos operados de cáncer de tiroides en el Hospital "León Cuervo Rubio" de Pinar del Río, en el período entre enero de 2018 a marzo de 2020. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 22 enfermos operados de microcarcinoma de tiroides, a los cuales se les practicó una tiroidectomía total. Se tomaron los datos de las historias clínicas, informes operatorios y las biopsias. Se utilizaron los métodos de observación y analítico. Las variables analizadas fueron: tamaño del tumor, resultados de la BAAF, diagnóstico definitivo, variedad histológica, enfermedades de tiroides asociadas y extensión de la enfermedad Resultados: los 22 enfermos operados de microcarcinoma de tiroides representan el 42,30 % del total de caso operados por cáncer. Predomina el sexo femenino y edad promedio 49,9 años. El 31,81 % de los enfermos con biopsia corresponden al grupo Bethesda I, II Y III; sin embargo, eran portadores de microcarcinomas. Un 18 % de los enfermos eran portadores de dos variedades histológicas de carcinoma. Conclusiones: el microcarcinoma papilar de tiroides aumenta su incidencia sobre todo en enfermos mayores de 45 años, con extensión más allá de la glándula lo cual agrava el pronóstico del enfermo, y requiere de la atención médica multidisciplinaria para determinar factores de riesgo pronóstico. De esta forma mejorar la conducta a seguir y la calidad de vida del paciente.


ABSTRACT Introduction: although papillary thyroid microcarcinoma has suffered an increase in incidence in the last decades, the extension of gland resection and oncological treatment is still a controversy. Objective: to determine the incidence of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma in patients who have undergone surgery for thyroid cancer at Leon Cuervo Rubio Hospital in Pinar del Río, 2018-2020. Methods: a descriptive and cross-sectional study of 22 patients operated for thyroid microcarcinoma was carried out, who underwent a total thyroidectomy, collecting data from the clinical histories, surgery reports and biopsies. Observation and analysis approaches were used. Variables to be analyzed: size of the tumor, BAAF results, definitive diagnosis, histological variety, associated thyroid diseases and extension of the disease Results: the 22 patients operated on thyroid microcarcinoma represented 42.30% of the total number of cases operated for cancer reasons. Female sex predominated and average age is 49.9 years; 31.81% of the patients with biopsy correspond to the Bethesda I, II and III group, however they were carriers of microcarcinoma; 18% of the patients were carriers of two histological varieties of carcinoma. Conclusions: papillary thyroid microcarcinoma continues the increase of its incidence, especially in patients over 45 years old, with extension beyond the gland, which aggravates the prognosis of the patient suffering from it and requires multidisciplinary medical care to determine prognostic risk factors and to improve the behavior to be followed and the quality of life of the patient.

9.
Medicentro (Villa Clara) ; 24(2): 444-451, abr.-jun. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1125005

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El periodonto es el conjunto de tejidos que protegen y soportan los dientes, los cuales están relacionados en su desarrollo, topografía y funciones. Entre ellos se encuentra el ligamento periodontal: estructura de tejido conectivo que rodea la raíz del diente uniéndola al hueso alveolar. El ortodoncista mueve los dientes a expensas de esta estructura, por lo tanto, el éxito de un tratamiento ortodóncico depende en parte de la integridad y la salud de los tejidos periodontales. En esta investigación se presentó una paciente adulta que recibió un tratamiento fruto de la cooperación interdisciplinaria entre especialistas de Periodoncia y Ortodoncia. La paciente tenía diagnósticos establecidos y presentaba factores etiológicos involucrados en afecciones comunes de ambas especialidades. Se estableció una planificación del tratamiento adecuado, según el caso, para garantizar la salud bucal y estética de la paciente.


ABSTRACT The periodontium is the group of tissues that protect and support the teeth, which are related in their development, topography and functions. The periodontal ligament is one of them: that is a structure of connective tissue surrounding the root of the tooth and joining it to the alveolar bone. The orthodontist moves the teeth at the expense of this structure, so the success of orthodontic treatment depends in part on the integrity and health of the periodontal tissues. In this research, we present an adult patient who received treatment as a result of the interdisciplinary cooperation between specialists in Periodontics and Orthodontics. The patient had established diagnoses and presented etiological factors involved in common conditions of both specialties. An adequate treatment planning was established, according to the case, to guarantee her aesthetics and oral health.


Subject(s)
Orthodontics , Periodontitis
10.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 147(9): 1099-1106, set. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058651

ABSTRACT

Background: Cirrhotic patients have an increased surgical risk due to potential intra and postoperative complications. Aim: To describe the clinical characteristics and surgical complications of cirrhotic patients undergoing surgery in a Chilean university hospital. Patients and Methods: Review of medical records of 102 cirrhotic patients aged 60 ± 11 years (52% males) who underwent elective or urgency surgery at an university hospital between 2010 and 2016. General, pre-surgical, and post-surgical complications were recorded. Results: The main etiologies of cirrhosis were non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (31%), and alcoholic cirrhosis (28%). Child-Pugh scores were A, B and C in 50, 28 and 22% of cases respectively. Median MELD (Model for End-stage Liver Disease) score was 11 (interquartile range: 10-15). The surgical procedure was elective in 71% of cases, with predominance of abdominal surgery (86%). The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score was three or more in 52% of patients. The frequency of any adverse outcome was 62%. The frequency increased along with the severity of cirrhosis and when surgery was urgent. The most common complications were acute renal failure (24%), increased ascites (23%) and encephalopathy (22%). Admission to intensive care unit occurred on 26% of patients, with six hospital deaths. Conclusions: In these patients, surgical complications were common, although with low mortality.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , End Stage Liver Disease , Severity of Illness Index , Chile/epidemiology , Elective Surgical Procedures , Liver Cirrhosis/surgery , Liver Cirrhosis/complications
11.
Agora USB ; 18(2): 496-511, jul.-dic. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-989229

ABSTRACT

Resumen El presente artículo pretende exponer el funcionamiento de la democracia electoral en Colombia, desde la teoría competitiva de John Schumpeter. A partir del acontecer histórico nacional se pretende comprender cuál es el impacto y qué significa el proceso de elecciones en esta sociedad. Como la intención es comprender cómo se ha desarrollado la democracia en Colombia, es necesario definir en un primer momento los conceptos claves para entender qué es democracia, específicamente la electoral y competitiva. A continuación, analizar el comportamiento electoral en Colombia, a través de datos cuantitativos y cualitativos sobre las últimas elecciones, respecto a temas como legitimidad, valor y abstencionismo; variables que permitirán identificar cuáles son las principales debilidades para la democracia en el país. Con la intención de aplicar el alcance teórico, se hará un breve análisis acerca del comportamiento político en Bogotá, como capital del país y como centro del movimiento político nacional, esto permitirá alcanzar una comprensión valiosa sobre la democracia en Colombia.


Abstract This article aims to pose the functioning of electoral democracy in Colombia, based on John Schumpeter's Competitive Theory. From the national historic events, it is intended to understand what the impact is and what the election process means in this society. Since the intention is to understand how democracy has developed in Colombia, it is necessary to define at first the key concepts to understand what democracy is, specifically the electoral and competitive one. Then, to analyze the electoral behavior in Colombia, through quantitative and qualitative data on the latest elections, regarding issues, such as legitimacy, value, and absenteeism. These variables will allow us to identify the main weaknesses for democracy in the country. With the intention of applying the theoretical scope, a brief analysis about the political behavior in Bogotá will be made, as being the capital city of the country and as the center of the national political movement, this will allow to achieve a valuable understanding on the democracy in Colombia.

12.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 35: 1-9, sept. 2018. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1047456

ABSTRACT

Background: Aspergillus ochraceus was isolated from coffee pulp and selected as an interesting hydroxycinnamoyl esterase strain producer, using an activity microplate high-throughput screening method. In this work, we purified and characterized a new type C A. ochraceus feruloyl esterase (AocFaeC), which synthesized specifically butyl hydroxycinnamates in a ternary solvent system. Results: AocFaeC was produced by solid state fermentation, reaching its maximal activity (1.1 U/g) after 48 h of culture. After purification, the monomeric protein (34 kDa) showed a specific activity of 57.9 U/mg towards methyl ferulate. AocFaeC biochemical characterization confirmed its identity as a type C feruloyl esterase and suggested the presence of a catalytic serine in the active site. Its maximum hydrolytic activity was achieved at 40°C and pH 6.5 and increased by 109 and 77% with Ca2+ and Mg2+, but decreased by 90 and 45% with Hg2+ and Cu2+, respectively. The initial butyl ferulate synthesis rate increased from 0.8 to 23.7 nmol/min after transesterification condition improvement, using an isooctane:butanol:water ternary solvent system, surprisingly the synthesis activity using other alcohols was negligible. At these conditions, the synthesis specific activities for butyl p-coumarate, sinapinate, ferulate, and caffeate were 87.3, 97.6, 168.2, and 234 U/µmol, respectively. Remarkably, AocFaeC showed 5 folds higher butyl caffeate synthesis rate compared to type B Aspergillus niger feruloyl esterase, a well-known enzyme for its elevated activity towards caffeic acid esters. Conclusions: Type C feruloyl esterase from A. ochraceus is a butanol specific biocatalyst for the synthesis of hydroxycinnamates in a ternary solvent system


Subject(s)
Aspergillus ochraceus/enzymology , Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/metabolism , Coumaric Acids/chemical synthesis , Solvents , Spectrophotometry , Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases/isolation & purification , Chromatography , Coffee , Butanols , Electrophoresis , Fermentation
13.
Rev. mex. cardiol ; 29(1): 41-44, Jan.-Mar. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1004299

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Lead dislodgement syndromes (twiddler, ratchet or reel syndromes) are rare causes of cardiac stimulation device malfunction that can occur most commonly early after device implantation. In most cases, lead replacement (due to extensive damage) or reposition (due to displacement) is needed. We present a case of reel syndrome involving the left ventricular lead of a (AU)


Resumen: Los síndromes de desprendimiento de los cables (síndrome de "tweedler", trinquete o carrete) son causas raras de disfunción del dispositivo de estimulación cardiaca, que generalmente ocurren en el periodo temprano después del implante. En la mayoría de los casos, se requiere el reemplazo del cable (debido a daños extensos) o el reposicionamiento (debido al desplazamiento). Presentamos un caso de síndrome del carrete que involucra de manera exclusiva el cable ventricular izquierdo de un dispositivo de resincronización-desfibrilador cardiaco.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Defibrillators, Implantable , Ventricular Dysfunction, Left , Electrodes, Implanted/supply & distribution , Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices/adverse effects
14.
Rev. mex. cardiol ; 29(1): 55-66, Jan.-Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1004302

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is the most prevalent arrhythmia in clinical practice. Evidence has recently shown a relationship between epicardial adipose tissue and atrial fibrillation, which may be stronger than that for traditional obesity markers. Objective: To analyse the available evidence associating adipose epicardial tissue with incidence, severity and recurrences of atrial fibrillation. Methods: A systematic search in PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane, SciELO and LILACS databases for observational studies published in the last 10 years, evaluating the association between atrial fibrillation and epicardial adipose tissue was undertaken. All articles were evaluated by two authors and differences were solved by consensus. Results: After having screened and evaluated articles for quality, 15 were selected for the qualitative synthesis. All studies reported a statistically significant association between total fat and periatrial epicardial adipose tissue and the presence of atrial fibrillation, which persisted after adjustment of covariates. The evidence was not uniform regarding arrhythmia severity. Periatrial epicardial fat was significantly higher in patients who had a recurrent disease. Conclusion: the presence of epicardial adipose tissue (total and periatrial) is significantly associated with atrial fibrillation and arrhythmia recurrence.(AU)


Resumen: Introducción: La fibrilación auricular es la arritmia más prevalente en la práctica clínica. Recientemente se ha demostrado una relación entre el tejido adiposo epicárdico y la fibrilación auricular, que puede ser más fuerte que la de los marcadores de obesidad tradicionales. Objetivo: Analizar las pruebas disponibles que asocian el tejido epicárdico adiposo con la incidencia, gravedad y recurrencia de la fibrilación auricular. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane, SciELO y LILACS de estudios observacionales publicados en los últimos 10 años, evaluando la asociación entre la fibrilación auricular y el tejido adiposo epicárdico. Dos autores evaluaron todos los artículos y las diferencias se resolvieron por consenso. Resultados: Después de haber examinado y evaluado la calidad de los artículos, se seleccionaron 15 para la síntesis cualitativa. Todos los estudios informaron una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la grasa total y el tejido adiposo epicárdico periatrial y la presencia de fibrilación auricular, que persistió después del ajuste de las covariables. Las evidencias no fueron uniformes con respecto a la gravedad de la arritmia. La grasa epicárdica periatrial fue significativamente mayor en los pacientes que tuvieron una enfermedad recurrente. Conclusión: La presencia de tejido adiposo epicárdico (total y periatrial) se asocia significativamente con fibrilación auricular y recurrencia de arritmia.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/etiology , Atrial Fibrillation/etiology , Adipose Tissue , Obesity/physiopathology
15.
Rev. mex. cardiol ; 28(4): 189-199, Oct.-Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-961310

ABSTRACT

Abstract: The transvenous implantable cardiac defibrillator (T-ICD) is currently considered the standard of care for prevention of sudden cardiac death in patients with structural cardiac disease or channelopathies. However, the use of these devices is associated with a significant increase of short and long-term complications, mostly related to intravascular leads. The subcutaneous implantable cardiac defibrillator (S-ICD) is a novel alternative for high-risk patients susceptible to intravascular lead complications, with a similar efficacy as T-ICD. Multiple ongoing clinical trials involving the S-ICD are expected to provide additional information about safety, use and benefits in the clinical setting.


Resumen: El desfibrilador cardiaco implantable transvenoso (DCI-T) se considera actualmente el tratamiento estándar para la prevención de la muerte súbita cardiaca en pacientes con enfermedad cardiaca estructural o canalopatías. Sin embargo, el uso de estos dispositivos se asocia con un aumento significativo de complicaciones a corto y largo plazo, principalmente relacionadas con derivaciones intravasculares. El desfibrilador cardiaco implantable subcutáneo (DCI-S) es una alternativa novedosa para pacientes de alto riesgo susceptibles a complicaciones intravasculares, con una eficacia similar al DCI-T. Se espera que varios ensayos clínicos en curso que involucran al DCI-S brinden información adicional sobre seguridad, uso y beneficios en el entorno clínico.

16.
Rev. mex. cardiol ; 27(4): 171-180, Oct.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-845426

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained arrhythmia in the general population, responsible for significant morbidity and mortality due to an increased risk of systemic embolism. The anatomic and hemodynamic characteristics of the cardiovascular system direct most emboli towards the central nervous system or the peripheral circulation, being coronary embolism an uncommon event. This has led to a paucity in the available medical literature regarding the importance of atrial fibrillation as a cause of acute myocardial infarction and the treatment these patients should be offered, with most of the evidence arising from case reports and small case series. A case of acute myocardial infarction associated with coronary embolism in a patient with new onset atrial fibrillation who was successfully treated with thrombus aspiration is presented, followed by a systematic review of the topic. The objective of this review is to establish the clinical characteristics of patients with coronary embolism due to atrial fibrillation and determine the best treatment options based on the available evidence.


Resumen: La fibrilación auricular es la arritmia sostenida más común en la población general, responsable de una gran morbilidad y mortalidad debido a un mayor riesgo de embolia sistémica. Las características hemodinámicas y anatómicas del sistema cardiovascular conducen directamente la mayoría de los émbolos hacia el sistema nervioso central o a la circulación periférica, siendo la embolia coronaria infrecuente. Esto ha llevado a una escasez en la literatura médica sobre la importancia de la fibrilación auricular como causa de infarto agudo de miocardio y del tratamiento que debe ser ofrecido a estos pacientes, con la mayoría de las pruebas derivadas de informes de casos y series de casos pequeñas. Un caso de infarto agudo de miocardio asociado con embolia coronaria en un paciente con fibrilación auricular de nueva aparición que fue tratada exitosamente con tromboaspiración es presentado, seguido de una revisión sistemática del tema. El objetivo de esta revisión es determinar las características clínicas de los pacientes con embolia coronaria debido a fibrilación auricular y determinar las mejores opciones de tratamiento basadas en la evidencia disponible.

17.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 19(5): 12-20, Sept. 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-797332

ABSTRACT

Background: Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is a pollutant that causes deleterious effects on human and environmental health. Certain microbial cultures have shown the ability to degrade MTBE, suggesting that a novel bacterial species capable of degrading MTBE could be recovered. The goal of this study was to isolate, identify and characterize the members of a bacterial consortium capable of degrading MTBE. Results: The IPN-120526 bacterial consortium was obtained through batch enrichment using MTBE as the sole carbon and energy source. The cultivable fraction of the consortium was identified; of the isolates, only Stenotrophomonas maltophilia IPN-TD and Sphingopyxis sp. IPN-TE were capable of degrading MTBE. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first demonstrating that S. maltophilia and Sphingopyxis sp. are capable of degrading MTBE. The degradation kinetics of MTBE demonstrated that S. maltophilia IPN-TD had a significantly higher overall MTBE degradation efficiency and rate (48.39 ± 3.18% and 1.56 ± 0.12 mg L-1 h-1, respectively) than the IPN-120526 consortium (38.59 ± 2.17% and 1.25 ± 0.087 mg L-1 respectively). The kinetics of MTBE removal by both cultures fit first-order and pseudo-first-order reaction models. Conclusions: These findings suggest that S. maltophilia IPN-TD in axenic culture has considerable potential for the detoxification of MTBE-contaminated water.


Subject(s)
Soil Microbiology , Stenotrophomonas maltophilia/isolation & purification , Stenotrophomonas maltophilia/metabolism , Methyl Ethers/metabolism , Biodegradation, Environmental , Gasoline , Kinetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Environmental Pollution , Microbial Consortia , Methyl Ethers/analysis
18.
Rev. chil. cir ; 68(2): 143-149, abr. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-784844

ABSTRACT

background: Laparoscopic nissen fundoplication is the surgical procedure of choice for patients with gastroesophageal reflux. Aim: To describe the most important surgical stages of the technique and report the rates of complications and mortality. material and methods: In a ten years period, 530 patients were subjec-ted to laparoscopic fundoplication. In all patients a clinical history was obtained and an upper endoscopy with biopsy, esophageal manometry and 24 h pH measurement were performed. Patients with Barret esophagus, hiatal hernia of more than 5 cm and those subjected to other surgical techniques were excluded from analysis. Results: No patient died. The conversion rate was 0.4%. No patient required splenectomy. Two patients had complications and required a second intervention. Mean hospital stay was 2.8 days. Conclusions: Laparoscopic nissen fundoplication is safe and has a low rate of complications.


Objetivo: El presente estudio pretende describir las etapas quirúrgicas más importantes de esta técnica y describir la morbimortalidad publicada por autores nacionales. material y método: Entre enero de 1993 y diciembre de 2013 un total de 530 pacientes se sometieron a una fundoplicatura laparoscópica dentro de un protocolo de estudio prospectivo. En todos se realizó una encuesta clínica, endoscopia con toma de biopsia, manometría esofágica y pH de 24 h. Se excluyeron pacientes con esófago de Barrett, pacientes con hernia hiatal > 5 cm y pacientes sometidos a una técnica quirúrgica diferente. Resultados: La mortalidad operatoria fue cero. La tasa de conversión fue de 0,4%. No hubo esplenectomía. Hubo un total de 2 pacientes complicados (0,4%), siendo todos reoperados. La estadía hospitalaria fue de 2,8 días. Conclusión: La fundoplicatura de Nissen por vía laparoscópica es un procedimiento seguro, de muy baja morbilidad y nula mortalidad operatoria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Gastroesophageal Reflux/surgery , Fundoplication/adverse effects , Fundoplication/methods , Postoperative Complications , Prospective Studies , Laparoscopy , Operative Time , Length of Stay
19.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 143(5): 584-588, ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-751703

ABSTRACT

Background: Skin manifestations after liver transplantation are increasing due to long term immunosuppressive therapy along with an increase in patient survival. Several studies have reported dermatologic complications following renal transplant, but few have studied dermatologic problems after liver transplantation. Aims: To describe the different types of cutaneous lesions encountered in adults receiving a liver allograft. To evaluate the frequency of cutaneous manifestations of patients in the liver transplant waiting list. Material and Methods: Eighty patients submitted to a liver transplant and 70 patients in the liver transplant waiting list were evaluated with a complete dermatological physical examination. Results: Sixty one percent of patients with a liver allograft had at least one skin manifestation. Of these, 34% had superficial fungal infections, 31% had viral infections, 20% had cutaneous side effects due to immunosuppressive treatment, 10% had malignant lesions, 2% had bacterial infections and one patient had a graft versus host disease. Only 28% of patients in the liver transplant waiting list had dermatologic problems, and the vast majority were lesions linked to liver cirrhosis. Conclusions: Cutaneous infections were the most common skin problems in liver transplant patients. Although neoplastic lesions are the most commonly mentioned lesions in the literature, only a 10% of our liver transplant patients presented these type of lesions.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Dermatomycoses/epidemiology , Liver Transplantation/adverse effects , Skin Diseases, Viral/epidemiology , Chile/epidemiology , Cyclosporine/adverse effects , Hypertrichosis/chemically induced , Immunosuppression Therapy/adverse effects , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Prevalence , Waiting Lists
20.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 143(5): 663-667, ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-751711

ABSTRACT

The spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus infection is rare, especially after liver transplantation, condition in which recurrence is almost universal. We report two cases in which clearance of the virus was achieved after liver transplantation. We reviewed the literature and described possible mechanisms explaining this phenomenon, with emphasis on therapeutic implications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hepatitis C , Liver Transplantation , Remission, Spontaneous , Hepatitis C, Chronic , Hepatitis C/surgery , Hepatitis C/virology , Immunosuppression Therapy/methods , Time Factors
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